Can You Keep Bamboo from Spreading? Tips for Managing Your Garden’s Growth
Many gardeners appreciate bamboo for its beauty and versatility, but worry about its tendency to take over. The good news is that you can control bamboo spread with the right techniques, whether you have clumping or running bamboo.
Clumping bamboo is much easier to manage because it tends to grow in tight groups. On the other hand, running bamboo can travel up to 20 feet away from its main stem. This makes it a challenge for many homeowners.
By using methods like root barriers or regular maintenance, you can keep your bamboo in check and enjoy its unique charm without the hassle.
Understanding Bamboo Growth Habits
Bamboo has unique growth habits that affect how it spreads in your garden. Knowing these habits is essential for managing its growth and preventing unwanted spreading.
Characteristics of Running and Clumping Bamboo
Bamboo plants can be divided into two main types: running bamboo and clumping bamboo.
-
Running Bamboo: This type sends out long, horizontal rhizomes underground. It can spread quickly and cover large areas, making it hard to control. Some popular running bamboo species are Phyllostachys and Pseudosasa.
-
Clumping Bamboo: In contrast, clumping bamboo grows in tight clusters. Its rhizomes grow vertically, staying close to the original plant. This makes clumping bamboo more manageable for gardens. Common clumping species include Bambusa and Fargesia.
Understanding these differences helps you choose the right bamboo for your space.
The Expansion of Bamboo Rhizomes
Rhizome growth plays a crucial role in how bamboo spreads.
-
Running Bamboo: The rhizomes can travel several feet each year. This aggressive growth means that if left unchecked, running bamboo can invade neighboring areas. Regular maintenance is necessary to prevent this.
-
Clumping Bamboo: Its rhizomes grow more slowly and mainly stay in the original area. As a result, they are less likely to spread into unwanted places.
To keep bamboo in check, be mindful of its type and rhizome behavior. This knowledge will help you manage its growth effectively.
Physical Barriers for Containing Bamboo

Using physical barriers is an effective method to keep bamboo from spreading in your garden. These barriers prevent the roots from extending beyond a certain area, allowing you to enjoy your bamboo without worrying about it taking over your space.
Installing Root Barriers
When you install a root barrier, you create a physical fence for your bamboo’s roots. A commonly used material is high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is durable and resistant to root penetration.
To set up a bamboo root barrier, dig a trench around the area where your bamboo is planted. The barrier should be at least 24 inches deep. This depth helps prevent the bamboo’s rhizomes from escaping and spreading into other parts of your garden. Make sure the barrier stands vertically to maximize its effectiveness.
Regularly check the barrier for any signs of cracks or damage. Bamboo can be persistent, so it is essential to inspect and maintain the barrier to ensure it remains effective.
Depth and Material Considerations for Barriers
Choosing the right depth and material for your bamboo barrier is crucial. Many experts recommend a minimum depth of 30 to 40 mil for the material used. A depth of 30 inches can also limit the rhizomes’ spread.
Aside from HDPE, there are other materials available, such as metal or even concrete. Each material has its advantages. Metal is strong, but it may rust over time. Concrete is durable but can be difficult to install.
Pay attention to the soil type in your garden. If the soil is loose, you might need a deeper barrier. In clay soils, a shallower barrier may be sufficient. By considering these factors, you can create an effective barrier that keeps your bamboo contained.
Cultural Practices to Control Bamboo Spread

Controlling bamboo can feel challenging, but using specific cultural practices makes it more manageable. You can apply root pruning techniques and consider topping and thinning to keep your bamboo in check.
Root Pruning Techniques
Root pruning is essential for controlling bamboo spread. To do this, you will need pruning shears or a sharp shovel.
Start by cutting through the bamboo’s rhizomes, which are the underground stems that allow growth. Aim to sever these rhizomes at least 2 feet away from the main stalk. This distance helps limit their reach and reduces rhizome growth.
Remember to remove any sections you cut to prevent them from sprouting again. Maintaining this routine yearly can hinder the spread and make your garden easier to manage.
Topping and Thinning Bamboo
Topping and thinning bamboo involves cutting back the stems to control its height and density.
You can use pruning shears to top the bamboo, which means trimming off the upper portions of the culms. This action can limit the bamboo’s upward growth and encourage more bushy and compact growth below.
In addition, thinning out the shoots will help improve air circulation and sunlight exposure. It’s a good idea to remove the older, less productive bamboo shoots while keeping the younger ones that are vigorous. This practice prevents overcrowding and allows your bamboo to thrive without expanding into unwanted areas.
Chemical Methods for Bamboo Control

When managing bamboo growth, chemical methods can be effective. You can use herbicides to control its spread. Choosing the right product and applying it correctly is essential for success.
Applying Glyphosate and Other Herbicides
Glyphosate is a popular choice for controlling bamboo. It is a systemic herbicide. This means it travels through the plant to kill it from the roots up. When using glyphosate, make sure to follow the application instructions carefully.
Apply it directly to the bamboo leaves for the best results. Timing is crucial. Apply it when the bamboo is actively growing, typically in the spring or early summer. This increases the herbicide’s effectiveness.
Alternatively, you may consider other herbicides. Look for products specifically labeled for bamboo control. Always remember to check the product label. This way, you ensure it’s safe and effective for your situation.
Use caution when applying chemicals near desirable plants. You don’t want to harm them. A targeted application can help you stop bamboo from spreading without damaging your garden.